Windshield wiper mechanism



July 25, 1944. BELL 2,354,189

WINDSHIELD WI PER MECHANI SM Filed Feb. l9, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 70141! INVENTOR l .s7Yfuperz BB-3Z1 July 25, 1944. R. B. BELL WINDSHIELDWIPER MECHANISM 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 19, 1941 (44 43 ff} i0INVENTOR 7Z1 yerz B. fieZZ.

BY W 1&2, ORNEYS.

July 25, 1944. R. a. BELL I WINDSHIELD WIPER MECHANISM Filed Feb. 19,1941 3 Sheets' Sheet 5 Patented July 25, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENTfOFFlCE 2235x189 1 wm snmnp wrran MECHANISM Rupert a. Bell, Ann Arbor,Mich, minor to King-Seeley Corporation, Ann Arbor, Mich a corporation ofMichigan Application February 19, 1941, Serial No. 379,664

' The present invention relates to fluid motors and particularly relatesto fluid motor constructions for operating windshield wipers.

One of the primary objects of the present invention is to provide animprovedvfiuid motor construction of the type mentioned which ispositively reversible in an improvedmanner.

Another object of the invention is to provide improved reversingmechanism in a motor of the type mentioned in which the mechanism isfirst moved at one speed to a reversing position and then is snapped toaccomplish the reversal in. a a

improved parking mechanism in which a shiftable starting and stoppingvalve is prevented from returning to its stop position, when the same isoperated to stop the motor, until the motor has continued to operate toreturn the wiper to its parking position, at which time the controlvalve is instantly moved to its stop position to vent both sides of themotor to atmosphere.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved piston inmotors of the type mentioned which is lubricated in an improved andsimplified manner. I

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved assembly inconstructions of the type mentioned in which the parts are readily heldtogether in shipping.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved over-centerspring action for reversing the motor in a positive manner.

A further object of the invention is to providean improved valve actionon motors of the type mentioned.

Other objects of the invention will become apparent from the followingspecification, the drawings relating thereto,.and from the claimshereinafter set forth.

In the drawings in which like numerals are used to designate like partsin the several views throughout:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary elevational view,

- 29 Claims. (61. 121164) i with parts removed, of the windshield of anautomotive vehicle having a windshield wiper construction according tothe present invention associated therewith;

Fig. 2 is-a front eievational view of a windshield wiper motor andoperating means accord-- ing to the present invention;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken substantially along theline 3-3 ofFig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view taken substantially along theline 4-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken substantially along the line 5--50! Fla. ,3;

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 showing the parts in the oppositeposition;

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken substantially along the line 1-1of Fig. 3, slightly before the limit of travel.

Fig. 8 isv a cross-sectional view taken substantially along the line 8-8of Fig.3;

\ Fig. 9 is an enlarged, fragmentary front elevational view of theconstruction shown in Fig. 2 having one of the cover parts removed toshow the internal operating construction thereof; and

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary, elevational view of a portion of the pistoncup spring, formed according to the present invention. 1

Although the present invention is specifically illustrated as being afluid motor for use with windshield wipers, and while it has particularutility when so used, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the artthat in its generic aspects it has other uses within the scope of thepresent invention.

Referring to the drawings, the windshield and dash portions of aconventional automotive vehicle are generally indicated at I II, andwindshield wipers II are pivotally disposed adjacent the Windshields inthe usual way. Such wipers ii are connected through the usual linkagemeans it with crank pins ii of a crank arm Hi.

It will be appreciated that the crank arm lil'is oscillated through theaction of the fluid motor generally indicated at 20 so that the wipersi2 act to wipe the windshield in the usual way.

The motor 20 is of the suction type and is op-- eratively connectedthrough a conduit, 22 with the intake manifold of the automotive enginein the usual way. I

Such motor includes a casing 24, which is gen-, erally cylindrical inshape, thus providing a piston cylinder, and which has removable endcaps 26 secured to the opposite open ends thereof.

Such end caps 26 are removably and sealably connected to the ends of thecylinder so as to seal opening 84 therethrough and having an annularflange 88 formed at the outer periphery thereof which is disposedsubstantially parallel to the inner surface of the cylinder 24. Suchmember 82 is also provided with an annular inset portion 88 having apair of diametrically opposed, relatively small openings 48therethrough, which provides a lubrication chamber in a manner that willbe described in detail hereinafter.

A disc-shaped piston cup 42 of suitable material is superimposed overthe member 82, and has an annular flange portion 44 which is adapted tobear against the inner surface of cylinder 24. The piston spring 48,which is generally discshaped having a plurality of annularly spaced,resilient fingers 48 formed adjacent the periphery thereof by radiallyextending slots, is interposed between the member 42 and the facingsurface of member 82. The fingers 48 are bent into the position shown,so that such fingers resiliently urge the peripheral flange 44 of thepiston cup 42 against the inner surface of cylinder 24. Such member 48is also provided with a plurality of radially inwardly extending slots88 at a suitable number of positions therearound. Such slots 88 extendinwardly from selected ones of the radial peripheral slots to a positionadjacent the chamber formed by the annular inset 88 so that lubricant,which is introduced through openings 48, may be conducted from suchchamber outwardly onto the periphery of the piston cups 42 for thepurpose of lubricating the sliding action of the piston assemblies 28; Abacking plate 82, which is generally disc-shaped, has an inwardly turnedshoulder 84 to provide a central opening therethrough, and engages theouter surface of member 42. A suitable means, such as a screw 88, isreceived through the central opening and engages the end of the member88 for the purpose of securin the piston assembly to the member 88.

It will thus be seen that the complete piston assembly including the endassemblies 88 and the inter-connecting member 88, is free to slidewithin the cylinder 24 in response to pressure differentials at oppositeends thereof. In the motor here shown, such pressure differentials arecreated by means of alternately creating vacuum and atmospheric pressureat opposite ends of the cylinder, in a manner that will be described indetail hereinafter, so that the piston the longitudinal center thereof.Such inlet stem communicates with inlet passages I2 and I4 formed in thecasing. The passage I4 opens through an upright surface I8 of thecasing,

' and another inlet passageway 18, also communicating through the samesurface, is formed in the casing above passageway I4. A slide valve 88is slidably mounted on the face of wall I8 and is adapted to bepositioned to provide communication between the passageways I4 and II,or be positioned so that passageway 14 is shut off so that vacuum is notsupplied passageway I8. Also, the valve is adapted to be positioned inin termediate positions to partially close passageway I4 or partiallyclose passageway I8 so as to regulate the speed of the motor. When thevalve is positioned so that passageway I4 is shut off, such valve placesthe passageway I8 in communication with an atmospheric chamber 284formed in the casing 24 above passageway I8, so that both sides of thepiston are vented to the atmosphere.

The valve 88 is mounted within an opening 82 of complementary shapeformed in a parking slide 84 which is slidably disposed within avertical guideway 88 formed in the casin 24, and which is adapted to beslidably positioned to control the position of valve 88 with respect topassageways I4 and I8 to control the operation and speed of operation ofthe motor. The lower end of the slide 84 is formed with an outwardlyprojecting tab 88, upon which a lateral projection 88 of a control lever82 is adapted to bear. The

assembly is caused to reciprocate within the cyl- I inder 24.

During such reciprocation, the teeth 88 of the rack 88 mesh with theteeth of a segmental drive gear 82. Such gear 82 is mounted on a driveshaft 84 and is fixed thereto by means of a suitable set screw 88. Thedrive shaft 64 is mounted within bearing openings 88 formed in thehousing 24 with the ends projecting there hrough. The crank I8 isfixedly connected to one of the .ends of the shaft 84, so that uponoscillation of such shaft the wipers are operated, as mentioned above.

The vacuum within the cylinder 24 is created through the conduit 22, asmentioned above. which is connected to an inlet stem I8 mounted on thecasing 24 at one side and at substantially shut off passageway I4.

control lever 82 is pivotally mounted on casing 24 by means of a pivotpin 84. A leaf spring element 88 has one end secured to a downwardlyprojecting portion 88 of the lever 82, and the forward end of the springextends under the projection 88 and resiliently bears thereagainst. Theupper end 88 of the lever 82 is operatively connected to suitable means,usually located on the vehicle dash, for operating the lever to shiftthe valve 88 to operate the wiper motor.

A control valve spring I8I is mounted on member 84 for movementtherewith, with the upper and lower ends thereof resiliently bearingagainst the member 84 and with an intermediate instruck resilient armI82 resiliently bearing against the outer face of valve 88. The springis held in position by means of a coverplate I84, which is removablysecured to the housing 24 by means of screws I88, or the like. It willthus be seen that the valve 88 is resiliently held against the face I8of the casing, and that the slide 84 is correspondingly held but thatsuch slide, together with the valve 88, may be shifted to start or stopthe motor, upon actuation of the lever 82, to communicate withpassageways I4 and I8 or to shut off passageway I4 and vent passagewayI8 to atmosphere or to position the valve in intermediate positions tocontrol the speed of the motor.

When the lever 82 is operated to shut oi! the motor, the spring element88 resiliently urges the slide 84 together with the valve 88 upwardly,to shut off passageway I4. In parking, means are provided, which will bedescribed later. which prevent the upward movement of the slide 84unless the wipers are in parking position; and

such means will resist the action of the spring until the wipers reachthe parking position, at which time the slide is released for movementand the spring 82 will act to move the valve 88 to This will bedescribed in greater detail hereinafter in connection withthedescription of the parking means provided according to the presentinvention.

opposite ends of the cylinder and communicate with the interior thereofthrough openings IIO adjacent the ends thereof.

An operating'or reversing valve III is adapted to be slidably positionedover the inner openings of passageways 10, I00,and IIO, and is of such aconstruction that it is shiftable to communicate the inlet passageway 10with either one of the passageways I or IIO. When in communication withone of the passageways, the vacuum is created in one end of thecylindenwhile the opposite end is vented to atmosphere, so that thepiston is caused to move toward said one end. When the valve is shiftedto communicate the inlet passage with the other of the passageways, itwill be obvious that the movement of the piston is reversed.

In order to accomplish this reversal, means are provided which include apivoted valve shifter I20 formed with a pivot aperture I22 thereinwhichis pivotally received over a bearing boss I24 formed on the casing24. formed with an opening I20 therethrough which iscomplementary inshape to and receives the projecting cover portion of the valve IIOtherein, so that as the member I20 is shifted, the valve I I 0 iscorrespondingly shifted. The valve shifter spring I20 is secured to theshifter I20 by means of instruck tabs which engage within notches I00formed in the shifter I20. Such spring I20 has a depending resilient tabI42 integral therewith which is adapted to resiliently engage theproiecting cover surface of valve IIO so that such valve is resilientlyurged Into engagement with the face portion of casing 24, which facecontains the adjacent passageways 10, I00, and H0.

The shifter I20 is also formed with a pair of integral, upstanding armsI04 formed with flanges providing facing surfaces I00. Such surfaces I00are disposed at a predetermined angle so that they are properly spacedfrom each other for a purpose that will be hereinafter described. Thelower end of shifter I20 is formed with an integral depending projectionI00, over which a rubber bumper I40 is disposed. Stop projections I areformed in the casing 24 in the path of bumper I40 to limit the travel ofthe shifter I20 in either direction so that the valve III isproperly'positioned over the valve passageways as it is shifted from oneposition to the other.

The surfaces I00, bearing aperture I22 and proiection I00 are insubstantially the same vertical plane so that the shifter is not cockedon its bearing, thereby insuring quiet operation.

In order to shift the shifter I20 to reverse the valve in a positivemanner, means are provided which include a kicker and spring carrierwhich are operatively connected with each other and with the piston sothat when the piston reaches the end of its travel in one direction, thespring carrier andkicker are actuated to positively and quickly shiftthe valve I I0 to its opposite position to reverse the movement of thepiston.

The kicker is Indicated at I42 and is provided The shifter I20 is,

with an opening I44 therethrough which receives the serrated head of,a-pivot pin I40. The pivot pin is pivotally disposed within an-openinglllwhich'isformed in the casing 24 and which is axially disposed withthe opening I22 in the shifter ,I20. The kicker I42 isathus fixed forpivotal movement with the pivot pin I40.

Anupstanding leaf spring I00 is fixed to the casing 24 adjacent thelower end thereof my means of a set .screw I00 which is threadablyreceived within a tappedopening inthe casing 24. Such spring I00 extendsupwardly to a position adjacent the center of the head of pin I40 and isadapted to resiliently bear againsta pointed projection I00 integrallyprovidedvon such head. The pin I40, together with the kicker I42, isthuspivotally mounted in. position within the housing 24. An upstandingkicker spring clamp I02 is provided with an opening therethrough and hasa roughened surface which bears against the spring I00 and is held inposition with respect thereto by means of the set screw I 00. ThememberI02 has inwardly struck tabs I04 formed at opposite sides thereof andadjacent the top thereof whichare adapted to lie beside the side edgesof spring I00 so that such spring cannot be dislodged and will remain inposition to bear against the pointed projection 100. This prevents theshifter and kicker elements from becoming dislodged, particularly duringshipment.

The kicker I42 has an integral projection I00 formed ,in one sidethereof upon which is disposed a rubber bushing I00 which serves as abumper. The projection I00, together with the bumper I00, is disposedbetween the arms I04 of the shifter I20 so that as the kicker ispivoted, the bumper I00 strikes one of the surfaces I00 and therebyturns the shifter I 20 to shift the valve IIO. Stops I00 are formed inthe housing in the path of movement of the bumper so as to limit itsmovement in either direction; The stops are so positioned that the limitof movement of the kicker is reachedslightly before bumper I40 carriedby the shifter strikes its stop I, thereby enabling a slight amount ofidle movement of the shifter relative to the kicker.

A'spring pin I10 is fixed to the top end of the kicker I42 and projectsoutwardly therefrom on the side opposite from that of projection I00.

A spring carrier I12 is provided with a keyhole slot I14 therein andsuch carrier I12 is adapted to be'pivotally mounted on a pivot portionI10 formed by cutting a groove in the head of screw I00. It will beevident that the carrier I-12 may be mounted by passing the head throughthe enlarged part of the keyhole slot I14 and then pulling the-carrierupwardly so that the reduced portion pivotally bears on portion I10 ofthe head.

An over-center coil spring I10 has the upper end thereof fixed to thespring pin I10 and has the lower end thereof hooked to an aperture I00formed in the carrier I 12 at substantially its midpoint between thesides thereof. The aperture is so positioned on the carrier I12 that thecarrier is in its terminal positions, or atrest" positions, when thespring acts to trip the kicker. Thus, the entire energy of the spring isused to trip the kicker.

The carrier I12 has a pair of upwardly extending side arms I02 whichterminate in rounded upper ends and inwardly hooked portions I04adjacent the upper ends thereof. The arms I02 are symmetrically disposedwith respect to the center line of the carrier I12 and at a.predetermined angleso'that as the carrier I12 is pivoted, the armscooperate with their associated parts in a quiet operation. Theengagement of the spring 30 manner that will peipointed out in'detailherein after; -1suc i ariiis "are also rormedi'wim flanges I88 alongportions o! thesides thereofq 'The pivot points or the-{shifter lzof,the kicker -uzjand the carriei-ll2"l' thesam e vertical plane and thespring I18 h I ovr ccntr aotidn toshift' the kicker-I42 when the springc'airier- I 12 nasbeen movedfto a predetermined shifting position} The"arrier" ll 2 ispositioned in the path-of movement ofioperating"means'formed at each 10 end offth "rackiIllsothat as the rack38' 'is-reciproca'ted; such operating means serve to pivotall'y 1 shiftthe spring' 'jcarrier I I2 from' onef'side to the other. Such means areinthe'iorrn Man integral shoulder portion- I88 formed at each end 'ofthe rack whichproject towardeach other and having anupstanding leaf'spring- I 98 mounted-thereon at each endi suc'h 'leaf spring I90normally extends inwardly toward the'carrier I I2 on a predetermined{arc and 1 i p'redeterniined length? 1 In'th dperia'tion'fofl thestructure-solar 'd scribedy 'wit'h the val've 80 positioned so that'p'as' sageways' I4 and 18 are in 'commuhicatioh,'a'va'c{ uum isapplied-to the inletpassageway n. 'With the parts'in the position'showninFigs. rand 5, such-vacuum is" applied to the passageway I88,due'to' the position of valv-"l I8 and the piston is caused to "movetoward the'left, viewing Fig; '4. As the pistonftogther "with the rack30, moves" towardthe left', theleaf spring I90, at the righthand end,first abuts againstthe righthand arm I82 of the carrier I I12,"Theresiliency of the spring'tak'es up the'shock of the'firstcontact'with1 the armWBZ'and serves toprovide a' smooth and I98 with the"ri'ghthandarm I82 first causes the carrier I12 to rotate in a countersclockwise directioni viewing Fig. -5;toward a shifting position; Such movement ofthe carrier "I12 will be re1a-' tively'slow" so"that thelower end ofspring I18 is firstpositioned toward the center of travel. At thesametime',"the righthand arm I82-is moving toward' the' adjacent-side edge"of the kicker I42. As the harm: limit of the pi'stontravel isapproached, the shou-1derI88-th en strikes against the fiangel88'otth'ewighthand arm I82 to move the'carrir-In at an incre'ased rateofspeedso' i that the spring I18 is carried over the center end at thesame time the portion I84 of 'the'armabuts against the side edge 'of thekicker- H2. The kicker Il2'is then snapped in a counter-clockwisedirection,viewing Fig. 5, so that'the bumper I88 snaps against the lefthan'd surface I88 0! shifter I28 to' quickly shift the valve- II-8 to theposition shown in-'Fig; 6-. All'of the elements'above" described thenassume the position shown in" Fig., 6

with the exception that the shifter may not al-" ways" move beyond theposition shown-inFig; 5. As shownin' Fig. 6, the bumper I40 on thebottom of the shifter I'may abut against the projection 60 I4I,*duetothe-"slight los'tmotion allowed; so as to limit the movement ofthevaive' inthat direction; *The elements are then reversed so that thepassagewaynisi'n communication with passageway III) so -that'th pistonis' caused to move in the opposite direction This-'cycle'is repeated solong as the passageway 14 is in ,communic'a tion with passageway'I8,thereby'causing oscillation of the-operatingcrank lever I8.

The wipers I2 -and,co'rrespondingly,- operating crank I8, are adapted tomove between predetermined positions including aparking position.According to the present invention, improved means are-provided forinsuring such operation of the motor that when'the operating lever 92 78is" moved" to stop tl' e motor} such aetsrfwmptt stop until thewipers'and the lever I8 have been returned to parking positio r-Suchm'eans are best shown in Figs-3,8 and and inclndea park t v"-" "5'Such can'i I92 is provided-witha central open ing I94therethroughwhichds slipped over'me; drive shaft '84 and is free to'pivot "with 'respct" to such shaft; Such-"cam" I92- is formed with adepending projecting some; I88 "prancing i shou1der "I88.' 1 Projection"I98 is ndebted to b e" positioned over the top'edgel 99ofthe slide mamber 84. The top edge of such member-arms; corner removed, as indicatedat28 I; 'and al'so has a dist: member 28 welded f to the oiltsid e' 18-04!thereof: "The prbjebtion FIN "isnoi'inall y islliently' urged to suchpos'mqm so that the ra setion I96 over1iesthe edge 199, 1)? file aii s'61 g which'is 'spiralin ro'mi and'whichhas' one end 'ooked'over aprojection 208formed' on the caniias iiti'dicate'd guns. The oppositeeaa'dr-the-sbrmg 284 may be fixed to the" housing 24, as indicated'at 2I up n will thils be seen that'the'sprin'g 2lll'normaily acts to'urgethe cam I32 to-turn in a counterclockwise direction parking cam spring28 The cam I82 is"a1so" forrned "withan integral upstanding projection2I2, which is adapted to move in the path of an integral,depending'projection ZH forme donjthe housing 24, so that theextent'o'fmo'vement of the'cam I82 in a counterclockwise directionis'limited whenthe projec-,

tion 212 abuts against'the projection 214.

The cam I92 is also formed with an outwardly offset projection 2I8'which lies ;in the path of movement of a shouldered projectionj2 I8formed on another cam member' 228. Such other cam member 220 isseparatedlfromthe cam I82 by means of a washer 222, and is'fixed to thedrive shaft 84 for oscillation therewith. A" spring. 'washer 224, havinga rigid washer 228 on the Outside thereof, e bn dbver the rducedend'z'zaf'or shaft .64, aha-i fixed thereto so that fi the spring washer.4 $5 11 3? bears against the'cam'228, i K

As stated above; the 22I oscill ateswith shaft 64, and as'snchcaminmoves'in a counterclockwise direction,viewing l ig. 9, the cam I82roubw's'alo g; due to the action of spring 204,150"

that the projection I98 overlies the surfac 'I of the slide. When thecam 220 moves'in a clockwise, direction, the shoulder 2 I8 abu tsagainst the offsetv projection 2I6 and causes the cam I82 to rotate in aclockwise, direction, so that the I projection I98 adjacent theshoulderI98 overlies,

the cutaway corner 2IlI. The slide 88 is then free to move upwardlyuntil an integral projection 288 formed thereon'abuts against ashoulder282', formed in a" recess provided in casing which limits such upwardmovement.

To start the motor, the arm 92 is moved tomove the slide 84 downwardlyand the position .of such slidecontrols the speed ofthe motor. 'As theslide starts to move down, the passageway I4 is uncovered to operate atone speed. As the downward'movement is continued, thei passageway isuncovered further until a point is'rea chedfwhen the maximum area's'ofpassageways II and I;

are uncovered to'give maximum motor speed and, therefore' 'maximumtravel of the windshield wipers due to the greater intertia of themoving parts thereof. As the downward movementof the slide continues,the passageway II is covered,

reducing the motor speed depending upon the extent of such coverage,until a minimum speed, is reached which gives the minimum travel of theative positions for controlling movement between said elements, saidautomatic valve mechanism being opera-bly responsive to the movement ofone of said elements and including a pivoted shiftable part movablebetween said positions, a pivoted picker movable to shift said shiftablepart, a pivoted spring carrier mounted for movement with respect to saidone element, spring means connecting said carrier and said kicker tomove said kicker when said carrier is moved to a predetermined position,said carrier being disposed in the path of movement of said one elementand motor. When the lever 92 is moved to shut off the motor, it will .beappreciated that the spring 96 urges the slide 8| upwardly. With thewipers I 2and the operating lever it out of parking position, it will beunderstood that such upward movement of the slide 84 is prevented, dueto abutment of the projection I98 against the upper edge I99. The motorcontinues to operate, at a speed greater than the slowest speed, sincecommunication is still established between passageways II and 18, sothat the wipers continue tooperated thereby and having at least oneportion engageable with the kicker to effect positive movement of thekicker.

3. A fluid motor construction including relatively movabl elements,automatic valve mechanism disposed to occupy either one of two operwardtheir parking-position. As aforesaid, the

' with the top edge I88 so that slide 84 is then free to move upwardlyand is instantly moved to such position, due to the action of the loadedspring 96. The valve 80 then shuts off passageway "and the inletpassageway 18 is vented to the atmosphere through atmospheric chamber234. The opposite end of the cylinder is vented to the atmospherethrough the uncovered port I08.

When the motor is shut off, the wipers may be manually moved since thedrive shaft is not locked. When the wipers are so turned away from theparking position, the curved portion of the starting cam 220 will movethe slide ll downwardly. against the action of the spring 88 to operatethe motor and return the wiper to its parked position. Also such wipersmay be manually moved beyond the parked position within the limits ofany obstructions on the windshield.

Formal changes may be made in the speciflc embodiment of the inventiondescribed without departing from the spirit and substance of theinvention, the scope of which is commensurate with the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A fluid motor construction including relatively movable elements,automatic valve mechanism disposed to occupy either one of two opertivepositions for controlling movement between said elements, said automaticvalve mechanism being operably responsive to the movement of one.

of said elements and including a shiftable part movable between saidpositions, a kicker movable to shift said shiftable part, a springcarrier, spring means connecting said carrier and said kicker to movesaid kicker when said carrier is moved to a predetermined position, saidcarrier being mounted for movement with respect to said one element andbeing disposed to be operated by said one element and having at leastone portion engageable with the kicker to effect positive movement ofthe kicker.

2. A fluid motor construction including relatively movable elements,automatic valve mechanism disposed to occupy either one of two operativepositions for controlling movement between said elements, saidautomaticvalve mechanism being operably responsive to the movement ofone of said elements and including a shiftable part movable between saidpositions, a kicker movabl to shift said shiftable part, a springcarrier mounted for movement with respect to said one element, springmeans connecting said carrier 7 and said kicker to move said kicker whensaid carrier is moved to a predetermined position, said carrier beingoperably connecti'ble with said one element and operated thereby and theconstruction and arrangement of said carrier and said one element withrespect to each other being such that said carrier is first moved intoshifting position at one rate of speed and is then shifted at anincreased rate of speed.

4. A fluid motor construction including relatively movable elements,automatic valve mechanism disposed to occupy either one of two operativepositions for controlling movement between said elements, saidautomaticvalv. mechanism being operably responsive to the'movement ofone of said elements and including a pivoted shiftable part movablebetween said positions, a pivoted kicker movable to shift said.shiftable part, a pivoted spring carrier mounted for pivotal movementwith respect to said one element, spring means connecting said carrierand said kicker to move said kicker when said carrier is moved to apredetermined position, said carrier being operably connectible withsaid one element and operated thereby and the construction andarrangement of said carrier and said one element with respect to eachother being such that said carrier is first moved into shifting positionat one rate of speed and is then shifted at an increased rate of speed.

5. A fluid motor construction including relatively movable elements,automatic valve'mechanism 'disposed to occupy either one of twooperative positions for controlling movement between said elements, saidautomatic valve mechanism being operably responsive to the movement ofone of said elements and including a shiftable part movable between saidpositions, a kicker movable to shift said shiftable part, said shiftablepart being disposed in the path of movement in either direction of saidkicker, a spring carrier mounted for movement with respect to said oneelement, over-center spring means connecting said carrier and saidkicker to move said kicker when said carrier is moved to' apredetermined position, said carrier being disposed in the path ofmovement of said one element to be engaged and operated by said oneelement, and the' construction and arrangement of said-carrier, saidkicker and said one element with respect to each other being such thatsaid carrier is first moved into a shifting position and then saidkicker is snapped to abut against said shifter to thereby quickly shiftsaid valve.

6. A fluid motor construction including relatively movable elements,automatic valve mechanism disposed to occupy either one of two operativepositions for controlling movement between said elements, said automaticvalve mechanism being operably responsive to the movement of one of saidelements and including a shiftable part movable between said positions,said shiftable part having integral spaced arms, a movable kicker havingan integral portion disposed between said arms and adapted to abutagainst either of said arms to shift said shiftable part, a movablespring carrier mounted for movement with respect to said one element, anover-center spring connecting said carrier and said kicker, said carrierbeing operably connectible with said one element and operated therebyand the construction and arrangement of said carrier, said kicker andsaid one element with respect to each other being such that when saidcarrier is moved into shiftin position said kicker is snapped, and saidportion of said kicker snaps against one of said arms to'thereby shiftsaid valve.

7. A fluid motor construction including relatively movable elements,automatic valve mechanism disposed to occupy either one of two operativepositions for controlling movement between said elements, said automaticvalve mechanism being operably responsive to the movement of one of saidelements and including a shiftable part movable between said positions,a movable kicker movable to move said shiftable part, a movable springcarrier, spring means connecting said carrier and said kicker to movesaid kicker when said carrier is moved to a predetermined position, saidcarrier being disposed in the path of movement of said one element, saidone element having an integral resilient portion which first engagessaid carrier to first move said carrier into shifting position at onerate of speed and having another integral rportion which then engagessaid carrier to shift said carrier at an increased rate of speed.

10. A fluid motor construction including relatively movable elements,automatic valve mechanism disposed to occupyeither one of two operativepositions for controlling movement between said elements, said automaticvalve mechanism being operably responsive to the movement of one of saidelements and including a shiftable part a movable between saidpositions, a movable kicker said elements, said automatic valvemechanism being operably responsive to the movement of one of saidelements and including a shiftable part movable between said positions,said shiftable part having integral spaced arms, a pivoted kicker havingan integral portion disposed between said arms and adapted to abutagainst either of said arms to shift said shiftable part, a pivotedspring carrier mounted for pivotal movement with respect to said oneelement, an over-center spring connecting said carrier and said kicker,said carrier being operably connectible with said one element and theconstruction and arrangement of said carrier, said kicker and said oneelement with respect to each other being such that when said carrier ismoved into shifting position said kicker is snapped, and said portion ofsaid kicker snaps against one of said arms to thereby shift said valve.

8. A fluid motor construction including relatively movable elements,automatic valve mechanism disposed to occupy either one of two operativepositions for controlling movement between said elements, said automaticvalve mechanism being operalbly responsive to the movement of one ofsaid elements and including a shiftable part movable betweensaidrpositions, a movable kicker movable to move said shiftable part, amovable spring carrier, spring means connecting said cara nism disposedto occupy either one of two operative positions for controlling movementbetween movable to shift said shiftable part, a movable spring carrierincluding spaced arms, spring means connecting said carrier and saidkicker to move said kicker when said carrier is moved to a predeterminedposition, said arms being disposed in the path of movement of said oneelement, and also being disposed to abut against said kicker, and theconstruction and arrangement of said arms, said kicker and said oneelement with respect to each other being such that said one elementabuts against one of said arms to first move said carrier into shiftingposition and then shift said carrier so that one of said arms abutsagainst said kicker to thereby snap said kicker into enS Bement withsaid shiftable part to thereby quickly shift said valve.

11. A fluid motor construction including relatively movable elements,automatic valve mechanism disposed to occupy either one of two operativepositions for controlling movement between said elements, said automaticvalve mechanism being operably responsive to the movement of one of saidelements and including a shiftable part movable between said positions,a movable kicker movable to shift said shiftable part, a movable springcarrier including spaced arms, spring means connecting said carrier andsaid kicker to move said kicker when said carrier is moved to apredetermined position, said arms being disposed in the path of movementof said one element, and the construction and arrangement of said armsand said one element with respect to each other being such that said oneelement abuts against one of said arms to first move said carrier intoshifting position at one rate of speed and then shift said carrier at anincreased rate of speed, to snap said kicker into engagement with saidshiftable part to thereby quickly shift said valve.

12. A fluid motor construction including a movable element movablebetween predetermined positions including a parking position, areversible valve shiftable to reverse said motor, operating means tostart and stop said motor, means providing atmospheric vents associatedwith said operating means and parking means operative when saidoperating means is operated to stop said motor to return said element toits parking position, said parking means being operatively connected tosaid operating means so that said operating means is not permitted tomove to stop said motor until said element is in its parking positionand said operating means then cooperates with saidvent means to ventsaid motor to atmosphere.

13. A fluid motor construction including a movable element movablebetween predetermined positions'including a parking position, areversible valve shiftable to reverse said motor, operating means tostart and stop said motor, means providing atmospheric vents associatedwith said operating means, and parking means operative when saidoperating means is operated to stop said motor to return said element toits parking position, said parking means being operatively connected tosaid operating means and beingfree of connection with said reversiblevalve so-that said reversible valve is free to shift until said elementreturns to its initial set position, at which time said operating meansis permitted to move to stop said motor and cooperate wtih said ventmeans to vent said motor to atmosphere;

14. A fluid motor construction including a movable element movablebetween predetermined positions including a parking position, areversible valve shiftable to reverse said motor, another valve movableto start and stop said motor, means providing atmospheric ventsassociated with said another valve, and parking means operative whensaid another valve is shifted to stop said motor to return said elementto its initial said position, said parking means being operativelyconnected with said another valve and preventing movement of saidanother valve to its stop position until said element is in its parkingposition at which time said another valve cooperates with said ventmeans to vent said motor to the atmosphere.

15. A fluid motor construction including a movable element movablebetween predetermined positions including a parking position, areversible valve shiftable to reverse said motor, another valve movableto startand stop said motor, means providing atmospheric ventsassociated with said another valve, and parking means operative whensaid another valve is shifted to stop said motor to return said elementto its initial set postiion, said parking means being operativelyconnected with said another valve and preventing movement 01 saidanother valve to itsstop position until said reversible valve has beenoperated to return said element to its parking position at which timesaidparking means permits said another valve to move to its stop themovement of said element, another valve movable to start and stop saidmotor and parking means operatively connected to said another valve,said parking means including a stop member positioned to preventmovement of said another valve to its stop position when said-element isout of its parking position, and'means mounted on said driven elementfor movement therewith and movable with respect to said stop member andengageable therewith to move said stop member when said element is inits parking position.

18. A fluid motor construction including a movable element movablebetween predetermined positions including a parking position, a drivenelement operatively connected to said movable element, a reversiblevalve shiftable to reverse the movement of said element, another valvemovable to start and stop said motor, and parking means operativelyconnected to said another valve, said parking means including a movablestop member movable into "position to prevent movement of said anothervalve to its stop position when said element is outof its parkingposition, and means movable with respect to said .stop member andengageable therewith to move said stop member out of said position topermit movement of said valve to its stop position'when said element isin its parking position.

19. A fluid motor construction including a movable element movablebetween predetermined positions including a parking position, adrivenelement operatively connected to said movable element and movabletherewith, a reversible valve shiftable to reverse the movement of saidelement, another valve movable to start and stop said motor, and parkingmeans operatively connected to said another valve, said parking-meansincluding a movable stop member movable into position to preventmovement of said another valve to its stop position when said element isout of its parking position, and means mounted on said driven elementfor movement therewith and movable withrespect to saidstop member andengageable therewith to move said stop-member outof said position topermit movement of said valve to its stop'position when said element isin its parking position.

position and cooperate with said vent means to vent said motor toatmosphere.

16. A fluid motor construction including a movable element movablebetween predetermined positions including a parking position, a drivenelement operatively connected to said movable element, a reversiblevalve shiftable to reverse the movement of said element, another valvemovable to start and stop said motor, and parking means operativelyconnected to said another member positioned to prevent movement of saidvalve, said parking means includingv a stop another valve to its stopposition when said elel 20. A fluid motor construction including amovable element movable between predetermined positions including aparking position, a reversible valve shiftable to reverse the movementof said element, another valve movable to start and stop said motor, andparking means operatively connected to said another valve, said parkingmeans including .a movable stop member, resilient means normally urgingsaid stop member into a position to prevent movement of saidanothervalve to its stop position when said element is out of its parkingposition, and means to move said stop member out of said position topermit movement of said valve to its stop position when said element isin its parking position.

21. A fluid motor construction including a movable element movablebetween predetermined positions including a parking position, areversible valve shiftable to reverse the movement of said element,another valve movable to start and stop said motor, and parkingmeansoperatively connected tosaid another valve, said parking meansincluding a movable stop member, resilient means normally urging saidstop member into a position to prevent movement or said another valve toits stop position when said element is out of its-parking position, andmeans movable with said movable. element and positionedto abut againstsaid stop member to move said stop member out-oi said position tothereby permit movement of said valve to its stop position when saidelement is in its parking position.

22. A fluid motor construction including a movable element movablebetween predetermined positions including a parking position, areversible valve shiftable to reverse the movement of said element,another valve movable to start and stop said motor, parking means, meansincluding a slide member operatively connecting said parking means tosaid another valve, said parking means including a movable stop membermovable into position to prevent movement of said slide member so thatmovement of said another valve to its stop position is prevented whensaid element is out of its parking to said last named means andpivotally mounted on said housing, resilient means engaging said pivot"pin and preventing displacement of said pin with respectto said housing,and means to prevent displacement ofsaid resilient means.

24. In a fiuid motor assembly, a casing, passageways formed in saidcasing, a valve slidably disposed over said passageways, means pivotallymounted to said casing and engaging said valve to move said valve,movable means disposed to move said first named means, a pivot pinsecured to said last named means and pivotally mounted on said housing,resilient means engaging said pivot pin and-preventing displacement ofsaid pin with respect to said housing, and means fixed to said casingand extending to positions adjacent said resilient means to preventaccidental displacement of said resilient means.

25. A fiuid motor construction including a movable element movablebetween predetermined positions including a parking position, areversible valve shiftable to reverse the movement of said element,another valve movable to start and stop said motor, and parking meansoperatively connected to said another valve, said parking meansincluding a movable stop member, resilient means normally urging saidstop member in one direction into a position to prevent movement of saidanother valve to its stop position when said element is out of itsparking position, and another movable member disposed adjacent said stopmember movable to engage said stop member to move said stop member inthe opposite direction against the action of said resilient means topermit movement of said valve to its stop position when said element isin its parking position.

26. A fluid motor construction including relatively movable elements,automatic valve mechanism disposed to occupy either one of two operativepositions for controlling movement between said elements, said automaticvalve mechanism being operably responsive .to the movement of one ofsaid elements and including a pivoted shiftable part movable betweensaid positions, a pivoted kicker movable to shift said shiitable part, apivoted spring carrier movable to engage said kicker, over-center springmeans connecting said carrier and said kicker, said spring means beingarranged with respect to said carrier to snap over said kicker when saidcarrier is moved to a terminal position, said carrier being disposed tobe operated by said one element.

27. A fluid motor construction including a movable element movablebetween predetermined positions including a parking position, areversible valve shiftable to reverse said motor, another valve movableto start and stop said motor, means for urging said other valve towardsthe stop position, said movable element having a Part associatedtherewith for preventing said movement of said other valve until saidmotor reaches the parking position, said part moving out of range ofsaid other valve when said parking position is reached and enabling saidother valve to quickly move to the parking position. and a memberresponsive to movement of said movable element for moving said othervalve out of the parking position.

28. A fluid motor construction including relatively movable elements,automatic valve mechanism disposed to occupy either one of-two operativepositions for controlling movement between said elements, said automaticvalve mechanism being operably responsive to the movement of one of saidelements and including a shiftable part movable between said positions,a kicker movable to shift said shiftable part, said shiftable part beingdisposed in the path of movement in either direction of said kicker, aspring carrier, spring means connecting said carrier and said kicker tomove said kicker when said carrier is moved to a predetermined position,said carrier being mounted for movement with respect to said one elementand being disposed to be operated by said one element and having atleast one portion engageable with the kicker to eflect positive movementof the kicker.

29. A fluid motor construction including relatively movable elements,automatic valve mechanism disposed to occupy either one of two operativepositions for controlling movement between said elements, said automaticvalve mechanism being operably responsive to the movement of one of saidelements and including a shiftable part movable between said positions,a kicker movable to shift said shiftable part, said shiftable part beingdisposed in the path of movement ineither direction of said kicker, aspring carrier mounted for movement with respect to said one element,over-center spring means connecting said carrier and said kicker to movesaid kicker when said carrier is moved to a predetermined position, saidcarrier being -disposed in the path of movement of said one RUPERT B.BELL.

